Machine tool



May 9, 1939. J. B, ARMITAGE MACHINE TOOL Filed Oct. 30, 1935 7Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR 4 66 7/ ATTORQ May 9, 1939. J. B. ARMITAGEMACHINE TOOL Filed Oct. 30, 1955 '7 Sheets-Sheet 2 3w mnw Raw INVENTOR aawn @465? May 9, 1939. J. B. ARMIIAGE MACHINE TOOL Filed Oct. 30, 1935'7 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR 9. L 0

ATTORNEY Egg).

May 9, 1-939. J. B. ARMITAGE MACHINE TOOL Filed Oct. 30, 1935 '7Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR M) j A May 9, 1939. J. B. ARMITAGE MACHINE TOOLFiled Oct. 30, 1935 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 0 mm NQ 0Q INVE%R 2 Wrcu EY May 9,1939.

J. Bv ARMITA GE MACHINE TOOL Filed Oct. 30, 1935 7 Sheets-Sheet 6INVENTOR 6 May 9, 1939. J. B, ARMITAGE MACHINE TOOL Filed 001:. 50, 1935'7 Sheets-Sheet 7 INVENTOR K IQN wk N N Patented May 9, 1939 MACHINETOOL Joseph B. Armitage, Wauwatosa, Wis, assi'gnor to Kearney & TreckerCorporation, West Allis, Wis a corporation of Wisconsin ApplicationOctober 30, 1935, Serial No. 47,345

42 Claims.

This invention relates to machine tools and more especially totransmission and control mechanism therefor.

A purpose'of the invention is to provide an improved machine tool havinga plurality of transmission mechanisms for diiferent slides or supports,together with'improved control mechanism for determining the combinedoperating eifect of the transmission mechanisms, the apm paratus beingparticularly adapted for a milling machine.

Another purpose is to provide a machine tool with improved controlmechanism-for effecting a cycle of movement including movement of aplurality of slides, and determinative of the relative time and extentormovement of each slide,

and particularly where the machine is a milling machine.

Further purposes are to provide a machine tool having relatively movabletool and work supports together with improved transmission and controlmechanism therefor in which the rate and extent of relative movement isdetermined by a tracer or follower operating against a master cam orpattern, and particularly in a milling machine.

A further purpose is to provide an improved machine tool having a tracercontrolled movement, and another movement, each controlled to eilect amachine cycle including a predetermined sequence or relationship of bothmovements, and especially in a milling machine.

A further P p is to provide an improved machine tool for cfl'ectingpredetermined relative movements of a work piece and tool in one path,together with simultaneous tracer controlled movements thereof inanother path, and particularlyi'or milling formed surfaces.

Further purposes are to provide an improved 4 machine tool havingtransmission mechanism for a variety of movements, and improved controlmechanism therefor, which is in part electrical, in part mechanical, andin part hydraulic, and particularly in a milling machine.

A further purpose is to provide transmission, and control mechanism fora variety of move- -ments with improved means limiting the operationthereof in' a preferred manner, and particularly for a plurality ofmachine tool supports driven by means of individual motors.

A further purpose is to provide an improved hydraulically actuatedtracer control mechanism for a machine tool.

A iurther purpose is to simplify and improve the construction andoperation of machine tools generally, both or the machine as a whole andof its various component parts and their relationship, and still otherpurposes will be apparent from the following parts oi thisspecification.

The invention consists in the construction and 5 relationship of partsas herein illustrated. described and claimed, and in such modificationsof the structure illustrated and described as may be equivalent to andcome within the spirit and scope of the claims. 10

Throughout the specification like reference characters refer to the sameparts, and in the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a milling machine incorporating the inventionshown with certain 1 covers removed to better disclose the internalmechanism.

Fig. 2 is a view in vertical section of the same machine, takenapproximately along line 2-2 of Fig. 1 and somewhat enlarged.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view of the same machine partiy in elevation andpartly in section approximately along line 33 of Fig. 1 and somewhatreduced in size.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary view in elevation of 26 the same machine, viewedfrom the left in Fig. l and enlarged.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view in rear elevation of the same machine,viewed from the side uppermost in Fig. 1 and enlarged.

Fig. 6 is a sectional development partially expanded, of certaintransmission mechanism at the machine.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged view in vertical section taken along line 1-1 ofFig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a partial view in vertical section taken along line B8 of Fig.3.

Fig. 9 is a partial view in horizontal section taken along line 9-! ofFig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a semi-diagrammatic development 40 of certain hydraulictransmission and control mechanism of the machine.

Fig. is an enlarged view in section of a valve taken along line Ila-Illaof Fig. 10.

Fig. 11 is a semi-diagrammatic expanded view of certain controlmechanism of the machine.

Fig. 12 is a partial view in section taken along line i2-li of Fig. 2.

Fig. 13 is a diagrammatic view illustrating cer- 50 taininterconnections and relationships between some of the drivingandcontrolling mechanisms, particularly the several motors oi the machine.

Fig. 14 is a front view of the arrangement of a control box or unitshown in Fig. l.

10 a pivot point 5, the support 4, being carried by a support 8, whichis vertically movable on suitable guideways on an upstanding column orsupport 1 fixed withlbase I.

The machine also includes a number of superimposed movable work supportsincluding a support 8, guided on base i, for horizontal movementtransverse to the axis of spindle 2, a support 9 guided on support 8 forhorizontal movement parallel to the vertical plane of the spindie axis,a support or table lfl'rotatably mounted on support 9, a support llguided for horizontal movement on support l0, and a support or table I!rotatably mounted on support II.

The spindle quill 3 is prevented from rotating 5 and provides annularbearings for spindle 2 of any suitable form arranged to prevent relativeaxial movement of the spindle and the quill. Suitable means, not shown,are provided for endwise bodily manual adjustment of the quill 3relative to support I, as for instance the adjusting means shown inPatent No. 1,967,733, issued July 24, 1934. Suitable clamp means, notshown, are provided for fixing the quill 2 in any of its adjustedpositions.

The spindle support 4 may be manually adjusted about pivot 5 by themeans of a crank, not shown, applied to the squared end II Figs. 1, 2 ofa worm shaft ll, upon which is fixed a worm Ii, engaging complementarythreads It on the support. The support 4 may be clamped in any positionof its pivoted adjustment by suitable clamp means, as for instance clampbolts II.

The spindle support 8 may be manually adjusted vertically on column I ineither direction by the means of a crank, not shown, applied to thesquared end i8 Figs. 2, 3 of a worm shaft is, on which is fixed a worm20 engaging a worm wheel 2| fixed on a screw 22 which engages anut 23fixed with a vertically movable sleeve member 24. Power movement of thetool support 6 vertically in either vertical direction may also be hadby means of transmission mechanism operative to raise or lower thesleeve member 24 and which will be later described.

The work support I may be manually adjusted relativeto base I,transversely of the vertical plane of the spindle axis, by means of ahand crank, not shown, applied to the squared end 25 of a screw 26. Fig.i, which is journaled in bed I and engages a suitable nut 21 fixed onthe support. The support 8 may be clamped in any position of itsadjustment by suitable means such as clamp bolts 28.

The work support I may be manually adjusted on support 2 by a suitablecrank, not shown, applied to the squared end 29, Figs. 1 and-2, of ascrew 30, journaled in support I, and engaging a nut II which is carriedby a bracket I2. Work support 9 may be further adjusted manually byfidjustlng the bracket 32 relative to the support.

For the purposes of the last mentioned adjustment the bracket 22 isadjustably fixed on the support by any suitable means. such as the clamp15 bolts II. Support 9 is further provided with transmission mechanismfor power movements, as will be later described.

The work support I I may be manually adiusted relative to support It bythe means of a crank, not shown, applied to the squared end 34. Figs. 1and '1, of a shaft 25 connected for rotation of a nut 2| by the means ofbevel gears 81, 38 the nut being rotatably mounted in support Ii and thescrew "a being fixed with support Ill.

Transmission mechanism for rotation of spindle 2 includes the followingmechanism: A motor 39, Fig. 3, drives a shaft lll through a couplingdevice a of any suitable form. Fixedon shaft Iii is a worm ll, Figs. 2and 3 engaging a worm wheel 42, in the bore of which is slidably keyed ashaft 44 vertically movable with support 8. Shaft 44 drives a shaft 15Figs. 3, 8 through bevel gears I, 01, the shaft It being journaled insupport 4 and co-axial with the pivot 5 thereof. The shaft .5 drives ashaft I in reverse direction through gears 48a 48b and a shaft 480,Figs. 8, 9, equidistant from the shafts l5 and 48. may be driven fromeither shaft through rate change means comprising a plurality ofdifierently ratioed pairs of reversibly interchangeable gears such asthe gear pair 48, 50, the arrangement providing both a spindle reverserand rate changer generally denoted as 50a, and generallyslmilar to arate changer shown in a co-pending application Serial No. 21,827, filedMay 16, 1935 which has matured into Patent No. 2,081,288, issued May 25,1937. Shaft drives a shaft i, Figs. 2, 9, through bevel gears 52, 83,the shaft 5| being slidably keyed in the bore of gear 52 and axiallymovable with the spindle quill 3. Fixed on shaft Ii is a pinion llmeshed with a gear I! fixed on spindle 2.

Transmission mechanism for rotation of work supports Ill and I2 includesa motor 55. Figs. 1 and 6, a worm i6 fixed on the motor shaft and a wormwheel 51 fixed on a shaft 58. Shaft SI drives alternative feed rate andrapid traverse rate trains.

The feed rate train includes a pinion t8 fixed on the end of shaft 58,and a gear 80 removably fixed on a shaft ll, which drives a shaft '2through a feed rate changer generally denoted by the numeral 63, Figs. 4and 6, and whichconsists of a plurality of gear pairs of diflerentratio, such as the gear pair SI, SI, each reversibly interchangeable onthe ends of the shaft Ii, 02. Also included in the feed train is thereduction train consisting of gears I8. 61', i8, 69. The hub of gear 69is extended to form the inner member ill of an overrunning clutchdevice, generally denoted by the numeral II, which is of a well knownform incorporating rollers, such as I2, operating on cam surfaces on theinner member to lock member II! with an outer annular member 12, exceptwhen member I8 is driven in the same direction at a faster rate. Theouter member I! is fixed with a gear M which meshes with a gear II.

The rapid traverse train includes a gear 16,

Fig. 6, rotatable on the shaft 58 and fixed with the outer frictionnumber 11 of a clutch l8 selective of feed or quick traverse rates andhaving an shaft. The gear 16 meshes with gea'r I! and drives the gear atrelatively rapid rate whenever clutch II is engaged, the clutch ll thenoven'unning the feed train. At other times, when clutch II isdisengaged, the feed train drives thegear II.

The gear 15, Fig. 6, which is alternatively driven at feed or rapidtraverse rates, as described, drives the work supports Ill, i2 throughinner friction member 19 slidably keyed on the v table trains asfollows: Gear 15 is rotatable relative to a shaft 30, but is normallyconnected to drive the shaft through an overload release clutch,generally denoted by numeral III, which 5 includes a clutch member 02continuously spring pressed to yieldably engage complementary clutchteeth on the opposed faces of the gear and member. The clutch teeth areof angularly opposed faces to be disengaged by an overload torque in theusual manner, re-engaging to drive again when the torque is reduced tonormal. An inner hub member 33 rotatably supports gear 15 .and is fixedon the shaft which drives a transverse sleeve shaft 04 through areverser generally denoted by the numeral 85. and consisting of a bevelgear 31 fixed on shaft 80 and meshed with oppositely running bevel gears33, 63 each rotatable on shaft 34 and each having clutch teeth on theirinner axial faces in the usual form for similar reversers, the clutchteeth being alternately engageable to drive shaft 04 in the one or theother direction by the means of complementary clutch teeth on theopposite end faces of a clutch member 30 slidably keyed on shaft 34, theclutch member having an intermediate disengaged position.

The reverser 05, Fig. 6, is connected to drive two shafts, 3|, 02through a torque dividing differential; device generally denoted by thenumeral 33. Difl'erential 33 includes a shaft 34 driven from shaft 34through gears 05, 96, and disposed co-axial with a rotatabledifferential housing or spider 31 inside which are rotatably mounted aplurality of bevel planet gears 93 almultaneously engaging co-axlalopposed bevel sun gears 90, I00, the sun gear 00 being fixed on thedriven shaft 34 and the sun gear I00 being fixed on the shaft 0| toprovide the one driving connection. The other driving connection, thatis to the shaft 32, is through a gear IOI fixed on the extended hub ofthe rotatable difl'erential housing or spider 31 and meshing with agearI02 fixed on shaft 32.

From shaft 9|, Fig. 6, the drive to the work support I2 is through anextensible universal coupling of usual form, generally denoted by thenumeral I03, Figs. 1, 6, a shaft I04, a worm I05 and a worm wheel I06,Figs. 2, 6, which is fixed with the rotatable support I2.

From the shaft 92, Fig. 6. the drive to the work support I0 is through asimilar extensible universal coupling I01, Figs. 1, 6, a shaft I010, a

worm I01?) and a worm wheel I0Ic, Figs. 2, 6,

fixed with the rotatable support I0.

The spindle support 6 is provided with trans mission mechanism forvertical reclprocatory movement thereof, as follows: A motor I00, Figs.1,4, 10, drives a pump generally denoted by the numeral I09, which maybe of any well known form and therefore is not shown in detail. Pump I09has an 'inlet passage IIOa receiving-fluid, preferably oil, from areservoir H0 in base I, and delivers such fluid to an outlet e 2,provided with a conventional type of overload relief valve H3. The pumpoutlet passage II2 supplies fluid to a passage H4 and another valvedevice generally denoted by the numeral II5 Figs. 4, 10, 10a whichprevents supply of fluid to channel 4 until the fluid pressure inchannel II2 reaches a predetermined minimum. Thiseffcct is ,accomplishedby a valve plunger IIO, Fig. 10a, continuously urged against a valveseat I" by a spring H3, but having episton element Ill reeeivingpressure from channel II2 thereby to open the valve as soon'as thepressure rtses to a point to overcome the spring. The pressure point atwhich the valve opens may be adiusted by a screw device I20 forming anadjustable abutment for spring II3.

The pressure fluid from channel III is connected through a control orfollow valve generally denoted by the numeral I2I. Fig. 10 and thencethrough channels I22, I23 to the ports of a hydraulic rotary motor I24,Figs. 1, 2, 10. The motor I24 may be of 'any suitable well known typefor transforming hydraulic pressure fluid flow into rotary motion andtherefore is not described in detail. Valve I2I is of a constructionhaving an intermediate or central position in which no fluid passes tomotor I24 through either channel I22 or I23 and having positions ateither side of the central position respectively delivering-fluid to theone or the other channel, whereby to operate motor I24 as a servo-motorin forward or reverse direction, or to stop the motor according to theposition of the valve I2I.

The construction of valve I2I, Fig. 10, whereby to effect the resultsmentioned is as follows: The valve includes a shiftable valve plungerI25 having an intermediate annular groove portion I26 and reduced endportions I21, I28 adapted to provide passageways through the valve, acentral port I23 is supplied with pressure fluid from channel H4, andthis fluid may be admitted to the one or the other of ports I30, I3Iaccordirig to the positions of the plunger I25, the ports beingrespectively connected to the channels I22, I23 leading to motor I24.Other ports I32, I33 connected to the channels I22, I23 are connectibleto drain channels I34, I34 each delivering fluid to the reservoir H0. 7The form of the valve plunger I25 and the position of the ports is suchthat when the one channel I22 or I23 is connected to the fluid supplythe other is connected to a drain channel, and the valve plunger alsohas an intermediate position on which both channels I22, I23 are closedagainst either entry or release of fluid, thereby locking motor I24against rotation in either direction.

The valve I2I is provided with a spring I35 normally urging the plungerI25 upwardly in Fig. 10, and with a dash pot arrangement or dampingmeans including a piston I36 fixed on the plunger and fitted within acylinder portion I31 somewhat loosely to provide a leakage path topermit relatively slow movement of the piston.

The cylinder I3! is kept supplied with liquid on both sides of pistonI36 by the means of channels I38, I39 which are respectively providedwith one-way valves I40, I4I, each of well known form, opening towardthe cylinder.

From the shaft I42, Fig. 2, of motor I24 the train for vertical movementof the spindle includes a coupling I43, a shaft I44, Figs. 2, 10, a pairof reversible and replaceable rate change gears I45, I46, Fig. 10, ashaft I41, a worm I43, and a worm wheel I49, Figs. 2, 10, which ismaintained against axial movement and provided with a threaded boreengaging the threaded end 240. of the sleeve member 24 in manner toconstitute therewith a self-locking or irreversible screw and nutdriving connection, the sleeve being prevented from rotation andconnected with the spindle a channel I 50a, Fig. 10a, of the valvedevice H5, but unaffected by the valve action. Such fluid is supplied toa piston device or motor generally denoted by the numeral I52, Figs. 2,10, through a reverser valve generally denoted by the numeral I53, Figs.4, 10. Piston device I52 includes a piston rod I58, lined with slide 8at the one end and having a piston I55 at its other end, the pistonbeing within a cylinder I58 fixed with the adjustable bracket 32, fluidbeing applied to the opposite piston ends by the channels. I51, I58,Figs. 1 and 10, consisting of flexible tubes permitting of relativemovement between reverse valve I58 and the cylinder I55.

The reverser valve I58, Figs. 4, 10, includes a valve plunger I58, aninlet port I50 connected to channel'iil, a plurality of outlet portsI8I, I52 respectively connected to the flexible channels I51, I58leading to the piston device I52, and a plurality of drain ports I53,I58, which return fluid to reservoir H0. The plunger I58 is providedwith grooves I55, I55 so arranged relative to the ports that, as theplunger is shii'ted in the one direction, fluid is supplied to the oneof the channels I51, I58, and the other channel is connected to one ofthe drain ports I58, I84, and vice versa.

The reverser valve I53 is operated by fluid pressure controlled from avalve generally denoted by the numeral I51, Figs. 1, 10. The ends of thereverser plunger I58 are enclosed to form pistons respectively connectedto receive fluid through channels I58, I68, respectively leading toports I10, I'll of valve I51. The valve also has a. sup; ply port I12connected by a channel I18 to receive fluid from channel I58, and adrain port I14 which returns fluid to reservoir H8. A valve member I15is rotatable by the means of a hand lever I15, and provides passagewaysas shown in Fig. 10 which serve to connect either of the channels I88,I58 to the pressure port I12, and the other channel to the drain port.

The transmission for rotation oi work supports I8 and I2, previouslydescribed, is controlled as follows: A hand lever I11 Figs, 1, 11 ispivoted at I18 on a bracket I18 fixed on a pivoted sleeve I80 which isjournaled in a bracket I80a fixed on bed I whereby the hand grip portionI110 is vertically and horizontally movable. The vertical movement isconnected for operation of the shiftable member 18, Figs. 6, ll of thefeed or quick traverse selective clutch 18, by .the means of a lever armI8I, engaged at I82 with a suitable slot in a vertically movable rod orplunger I88 which, at its lower end carries a spool I88 having anannular groove engaging a pin I85 in a lever arm I85, the arm beingfixed with a pivoted member I81 which carries pivoted shoes such as 488engaging an annular groove I88 Fig. 6 in the member 18.

The horizontal movement of hand grip portion "10, Fig. l, is connectedfor operation of the shiftable clutch member 80, Figs. 6, 11 01 thereverser clutch 85 by the means of a lever I80 fixed on the sleeve I80,and a pin I8I engaging an annular groove I82 in a spool I88 fixed on theinner end of a shiitable rod I88 extending through an axial bore of thesleeve shaft 88, and which is connectedior axial movement of clutchmember 80 by the means of a pin I85 extended through an axiallyelongated slot in the sleeve shaft 88.

By the means of the connections described the V operator may manipulatethe hand grip "10 Fig.

11 to eflect either a change oi driving direction or a change from theone to the other of feed and quick traverse rates of the transmissionmechanism, for rotation of the work supports I and I2. 7

The machine also provides automatic control mechanism to eflect a cycleof machine movements including rotation of each of the supports I8, I2in predetermined sequence and relative duration, also movement ofsupport 8 toward and from the tool spindle 2, together with tool spindlevertical movement, all in predetermined relative timing, direction andextent.

The automatic cycle 01 movement is primarily controlled by a cam memberI85,Flgs. 5, 6, 10 removably retained on a stud I81 by a nut I850, anddriven from the sleeve shaft 84 Fig. 6 of the train leading to supportsI8, I2, through a pinion I88 fixed on sleeve shaft 88, a gear I88engaging the pinion I88, and a pinion 208 fixed with gear :8: andengaging a gear 28I fixed with member In either direction of rotation ofmember I85, Figs. 5, 6, one of the angular ends 282a, 282b of a cam ordog portion 282, shifts a pivoted member .203 which is connected formovement of the shiitable clutch member 88 Fig. of reverser clutch 85,the member 288 having a dog contact element 288 and pin members 205engaging an annular groove in a spool 285 fixed on the outer endofshifter rod I84 Figs. 5, 11 which is connected to move the clutchmember 88, as previously described. The trip just described is eiiectiveonly to shift the reverser clutch member 80 to a disengaged centralposition after the movement which is thus tripped is initiated by thehand lever I11 connected for the control of reverser 85 as previouslydescribed. After tripping from portion 282 the reverse movement isstarted by manipulation of the hand lever I11, the abutment oi the dogportion and member 284 preventing re-engagement oi the reverser to againeflect the same direction of movement until after the dog portion hasretreated during the reverse movement. The member I85 is so geared thata machine cycle does not require a complete revolution thereof, and itis obvious that other suitable dogs similar to the dog members 202 maybe effective to limit the rotation as desired.

The member I85, Figs. 5, 8, also controls the relative extent of therotation of work supports I8, I2, as follows: Means are provided toprevent rotation of the one support I8 or I2, while the other isrotating, including a shiftable plunger 281, Figs. 1, 2, l0, guidedadjacent its ends in a slot provided therefor in the work support II atthe one end, and in support I0 at the other end. The right hand end,Fig. 1, 01' plunger 201 may, during rotation of support I2, ride againsta portion 288 of the support periphery and move into one or the other ofslots 288, 2I0, thereby locking support I2 against rotation relative tosupports I0, II. The other end of plunger 281 may, during rotation ofsupport I8, ride against the circular edge 2 of a member 2,I2 fixed onsupport 8, and will then move into a slot 2I8, thereby locking supportI8 against rotation.

The locking plunger 281 is urged in the one or the other endwisedirection, by the means 01' pressure fluid derived from pump I88, Fig.10, as follows. Fluid delivered to channel I58 as previously describedpasses through a channel 2I4, Fig. 10, and a control valve generallydenoted by numeral 2I5 Figs. 5, 10, to a cylinder device gen.- erallydenoted by the numeral 2I5, Figs. 1, 10.

The control valve 2I8, Fig. 10, includes an inlet port 2" connected tothe supply channel 2,

outlet ports 2I6, 2|6, respectively connected to different flexible tubechannels 220, 22I, drain ports 222,-223 each returning fluid ,toreservoir I II, and avalve plunger224 shiitable endwise to oppositepositions to connect either of the ports 2I0, 2i 6 to receive fluid fromthe inlet port, and simultaneously connecting the other port 2 I6, 2|!to one of the drain ports, thereby to urge piston device 2I6 in the oneor the other direction.

The piston device 2I6, Figs. 1, 10, includes a piston 226 fixed on a rod226 which is fixed atits ends in the support II, and movable on rod 226in either direction according to the position of control valve 2l6 is acylinder 221, having extended arm portions 226, 226 respectivelycarrying plungers 230, 23L continuously pressed outword]? by a spring232. Hie plungers 226, 226

, operate within a slot or recess 233, Figs. 2, 10, of

the plunger 201 thereby providing a yieldable connection from the pistondevice 2I6 for either direction of operation of plunger 201.

The control valve 2I6, Figs. 5, 10, is shifted to efl'ect movement ofthe locking plunger 201 at predetermined points in the rotation ofcontrol member I66 by the means of; a pivoted lever 234, engaged at theone end with a spool 236 fixed on the extended end of the valveplunger224,the lever being provided at'the other end with a follower roller 236engaging acam groove 231 in member I66. Cam groove 231 may obviously beformed to eflect shifting. of the locking plunger 201 at any desiredpoint in therotation of the member I66 according to the nature of thework. The member I 96, as previously explained, moves alternatelythrough partial revolutions in opposite directions. One complete machinecycle, for

the work piece for which cam groove 231 is intended, requires oneforward partial revolution of member I66 and onereverse partialrevolution back to the starting position as will later be described.During clockwise rotation from the position shown in Fig. 5 the camgroove 231 will eii'ect a shift of locking plunger 201 in the onedirection after about 180 of rotation of member I66, and since, for thework piece for which the cam groove shown is intended, the reversemovement of the locking plunger is not desired to take place at the samepoint in the other, orcounterclockwise, direction of rotatlon'of memberI66, the groove 231 is formed at 236 to permit theplunger 201 to remainin the same position during the greater'partof the counterclockwiserotation. Other forms of ca'm groove maybe used to suit differentrequirements.

The rotation of supports I0. I2. controlled from member I66, asdescribed, controls the movement of support6 and the supportscarriedthereby, toward and from spindle 2, as follows: Fixed. on

' support I2 is a cam or pattern member 236 Fig. 2,

engaged bya'follower roller 240 Figs. 1, 2 carried on a member 24Ihorizontally adjustable V is guided for vertical adjustment on column 1,eiiected by means of a crank, not shown, applied to the squared end of ascrew 246, and the bracket is clamped by 1' bolts 246.: r

The valve I61, Figs. 1, i controlling the piston device I62, aspreviously described, is so operated that the piston of the devicecontinuously urges the support 6 in the direction of the spindle 2during cutting, whereby to -maintaln pressure contact between cam. orpattern member 236 and follower 240.. The face of the pattern member 236is formed to suit the work piece operated upon and it functions topermit movement of the support 6, and the supports and work piececarried thereby in accordance with the form of the cam and the rate oirotation of the supports I 0, I2.

The rotation 01 supports I0, I2 controlled from member I66 as previouslydescribed, also controls vertical movement of the spindle support 6 andspindle 2, as follows: a bracket member 241,

' Fig. 2, is fixed with the work support I I, to extend downwardlythrough supports 6, 6, the interior of base I.

A shaft 246 Flgiz is fixed with support I2 and II and into iournaled inbracket 241, and a cam carrier memher 246 Figs. 2,. 12 is fixed at theone end on shaft 246, and iournaled at the lower end in the bottomportion of bracket 241, as at 246a. A cam or pattern member 260constituting a template is pivoted in cam carrier 246 on a stud I, beingadjustable about its pivot by the means of a suitable wrench, not shownapplied to the end 262 of a shaft 266 upon which is fixed a worm 264engaging a suitable worm wheel segment on the periphery of the member260, the member bei clamped in any position of its pivotal adjustment bythe means of a bolt 264a passed through a slot 266 in the body. 7

A follower member 266 is fixed in a bracket or slide member 261 Figs. 2,10 to contact with the pattern face of member 260, the follower bracketslide being guided for vertical movement by a plurality of spaced rods26.6 and pressed downwardly by the weight of the slide or by the meansof springs, such as 266, to continuously urge contact of the follower266 and pattern member 260, the follower being adjustably limited indownward movement by the nuts 260 threaded on a rod L which passesthrough a bore in the bracket 261. The bracket provides a. recess orslot 262 in which one end-of a pivoted lever 263 is retained, the otherend of the lever engaging an annular groove in a spool 264 fixed on theextended end of the valve plunger I26 of the control or follow valve I2Iof servo-motor I24, previously'described, the pivot 266 of lever 63being carried by a bracket or arm 266, which is fixed for verticalmovement with the spindle support sleeve 24. The arm 266 also bodilycarries the valve I2I.

The lever contacting walls oi slot 262 are formed at the lower side by asurface of-the bracket or slide 261, and at the upper side by a member261 guided on a rod 266 and continuously pressed by a spring 266,whereby all lost motion between the end of lever 263 and slot 262 iseliminated.

By the means of the structure described, the bracket 266 and spindlesupport sleeve 24 are maintained by "motor I24 "at a predetermined levelor position with respect to the level of the follower member 266, Fig.10. As long as such relationship exists the valve plunger I26 willremain in central position where the valve ports, I30, I3I, I32,'I33arevblocked and the motor I24- is locked against rotation, as previouslyexplained. But if movement of pattern member 260 permits or causesvertical movement of follower 266 then the follow valve I26 is shiftedto admit fluid to the servo-motor I24 through whichever of the channelsI23, I23 will eflect its operation in the proper direction tocorresponding- 1y move the spindle'support sleeve 24 and spindle 2. Thusthe mechanism described constitutes a tracer or follower device,controlling vertical spindle movement in part in accordance with therotation of the control member I22 and the supports controlled thereby,and in part in, accordance with the form oi. the face ot-the mttern 222where it contacts follower 222. a

In the operation oi the machine it isessential that a supply of pressurefluid shall be available at all times when the transmission for rotatingthe supports i2, i2 is operative, for otherwise the hydraulic portionsof the control mechanism would not operate and confusion and damage tothe machine might result. It is also necessary, for-various reasons,that none of the supports shall be movable at feed or cutting rateexcept when spindle 2 is rotating. 0n the other hand it sometimes isdesirable that some or all 01' the movement may be eilected at a quicktraverse rate while the spindle is not running, as for instance whensetting up the machine for difl'erent work pieces, or when efl'ecting areverse movement with the work disen aged from the cutter.

For the above and various other reasons the several driving motors andother transmission and control mechanism of the machine are interlockedor inter-connected to provide certain predetermined effects orlimitations in the controls, and to avoid other effects. The mechanismwhereby this is accomplished is as iollows:

Referring to Fig 13, the driving motor 29 for spindle 2, the drivingmotor 55 for supports l2, l2, and the driving motor I22 ior pump I29,are each diagrammatically indicated, in this instance, as electricmotors of a type requiring a three wire current supply line, comprisingline wires 212, 2', 212. The motor I24, for vertical smndle movement isa hydraulic motor and driven from motor I 22, as previously described.

In the diagram, Fig. 13, the transmission and control mechanisms foreffecting rotation of spindle 2 and of supports l2, l2 arediagrammatically represented by some of their elements. Thus thetransmission line from motor 29 to spindle 2 shows the reverser and ratechange mechanism 52a. Also the transmission from motor 25 to supportsl2, l2 shows the feed rate changer 22 and over-running clutch ll of thefeed train, the feed or quick traverse train selective clutch elementsI1, 19, the overload release device II, the reverser 22 and thediilerential device '22, Fig. 13 also diagrammatically shows the controllever ill and its connection for vertical movement thereof to shift thereverser 22 and for horizontal movement to shift the feed and quicktraverse selector element 19, together with another connection to aninterlock or control device generally denoted by the numeral 212,

which will later be described.

All of the motors 29, 25, I22, Fig. 13, are supplied with line currentthrough a master control switch generally denoted by numeral 2',including three live contacts 212, 212, and 2'" engageable by threemovable contacts 212, 212, and 222, which are connected for simultaneousmovement to open the switch by means or a spring 2",

rm to close the switch by means of a solenoid operator may then releaseswitch 222 and switch holding circuit, which is normally held closed bya spring 221, is opened by actuating a manually movable member 222.

Closing the master switch 214 supplies current to the distributing lines222,- 292, 2" from which current is supplied to the spindle motor 29through a switch 292, generally similar to the master switch 212, and"operated by a switch opening spring 292 and a switch closing solenoid294. The solenoid 292 is controlled by 9. normally open switch 292closed by a manually actuated member 292 and a normally closed switch291 opened by a manually actuated member 292, a solenoid operatedauxiliary switch 299 being provided to establish a holding circuit. Thecircuit of solenoid 222 also includes an overload release devicegenerally denoted by numeral 222, which includes resistance heatingelements WI, 222 in the lines leading to the motor, and a normallyclosed switch 222 having a temperature responsive element 222 whichopens the switch contacts whenever the temperature rises in response toan overload of current to the motor, thereby interrupting the current tosolenoid 294 and permitting spring 292 to open switch 292. The controlof switch 292 differs from that of switch 212 in that the switch 292will be interrupted ii motor 29 is over-, loaded, and rurther diflers inthat the normally open switch 222 is connected to supply current tosolenoid 292 only through an interlocking circuit that is not completeduntil a switch 225, which controls motor I22, is closed, as is indicatedby the connections shown in the diagram Fig. 13. Therefore the motor 29cannot be started unless motor I22 is running, but after motor 29 isstarted it may continue until stopped by opening switch 291, even if theswitch 222 of motor I29 is opened, since closing of switch 292 completesanother or holding circuit for solehold 292 through the switches 29! and299, and this circuit is independent of the position of switch 225.

The motor I22 Fig. 13, receives current through switch 214, thedistributing lines 229, 292, "I, and the switch 222, which is generallysimilar to switches 212, 292. The operating devices for switch 222include a switch opening spring 222, a switch closing solenoid 221, anormally open switch 222 closed by amanual member 229. a normally closedswitch 2 opened by a manual member 2! I, a solenoid operated holdingswitch 2l2, and an overload release device 2" similar to the describeddevice 222. In this instance both the lines for the supply of the switchclosing solenoid 221, that is to say respectively through the manualswitches 222 and 2". are completed independently of the control switches01' any other motor, as is shown on the diagram Fig. 12. and thereforemotor I22 may be running when the circuits to sodium motors a and are Iinterrupted.

The motor 22, Fig. 13, receives current through switch 214, distributinglines 222, 222, I" and a switch 2 which is generally similar to theswitches 212, 222, and 222 but diflerontly controlled. The switch lilincludes a switch open-' ing spring 2", and a switch closing solenoid 2II. The one supply line for solenoid H2 is derived i'romsupply line 222through the switch 222 oi the motor I22. and the other solenoid supplyline is derived from supply line 2" through an overload release device2ll. similar to the described device Ill, and through a movable contactmember IIB which is shiitable .to two positions respectively engagingwith, diflerent contacts SI and 320, which are each connectible to thesame supply line 2" by dlfierent circuits, the connection or member ll!being derived through the switch "I oi motor- I", and that o! the member '22. being derived through the switch 299 of the motor 29. In eitherposition of member III the switch 2|! will be opened whenever switch 305is opened, and cannot be closed unless switch 20! is closed. However inthe position of member Ill engaging the contact 220, the switch 305being closed the switch 3 will be opened and closed in accordance withthe opening and closing of switch 292. Therefore 'when member SIBengages contact 220, motor 55 is started and stopped in accordance withmotor 29, assuming that motor lilil is operating,

The member 318, Fig. 13, isconnected to be shifted by vertical movementoi hand lever ll'l simultaneously with the shifting of feed and quicktraverse selector member 19 as follows:

. A pair of gears 321, Figs. 11, 13, are flxedtogether and journaled inthe bracket idea,- the one gear of the p air passing through a cut-awayportion of sleeve I80 to engage an annular rack portion 222 on the rodI83, and the other gear of the pair engaging a rack portion 323 i a rod,32., Figs. 1, 11, 13 which is connected or movement or a rod 325 incolumn I by the means of a pivoted connecting rod 326. Member ill! .isoperated from rod 325 through a snap-over device generally denoted bythe numeral 321 Fig. 13 which includes a cam 322 fixed on rod 325, thearms 32!, 380 on member 318 and a tension spring III car ried at the oneend by member 3|! and at the other end by the rod 325. shii'ts memberSIS past the center oi its movement in either direction the spring Ioperates to quickly complete the movement of the member.

The connections to member '21! and to selector clutch member 19 are suchthat, when member 312 engages the contact 320, the clutchmember i9 is indisengaged position, whereby the supports ill, l2. are driven through,rate changer 23 at a i'eed rate, and when member Sill engages contactIll the clutch member I! is engaged. whereby supports ill, 12 are drivenat quick traverse rate-exclusive of the feed rate changer.

By the-arrangement described it results that the entire machine may bestopped by opening switch 2". Closing the switch 2" does not,however,start operation of any portion of the machine. To start themachine, the switch 214 being closed, it is necessary to first startmotor II]! by manual operation of starting switch 208. After this hasbeen done the shifting of lever I" to quick traverse position will startmotor I! for operation of the machine at quick traverse rate, eventhough the spindle motor switch 292 is open, but before any of thesupports cm be operated at the relatively slowieed rate the spindlerotating motor 39 must be started by manual operation of switch 225.

By reason oi the described, arrangement it also results that an overloadof the spindle motor, whereby device 320 causes switch 222 to open,prevents operating of any of the supports at a feed rate, although thesupports may still all be operated at quick traverse rate. But it themotor -lli8 is overloaded, whereby device III causes switch 208 to open,none of the bodily movable supports can be operated either at feed orquick traverse rate. And lithe motor 55 is overloaded,

When the cam .222

whereby device 2|! causes switch Ill to open, then all support powermovements. excepting only spindle rotation and the movement 01' support0 from cylinder device I52, will immediately stop since, except forthose movements justmentioned, all support power movementseltherdirectly or indirectly originates in the motor I.

The various manual elements for the controls just described are broughttogether at'a point convenient for the operator in his normal positionfor operation ot the other controls including the hand levers I16, I11.Thus a control unit 232 Figs. 1, His fixed on bed i, and carries themanual elements 225, 222; 296; 288; 202, Ill in pairs for convenientmanipulation, and also other manual elements 3", 335 for similar controlof the motors or supplemental devices, not shown, as for instance acoolant pump.

A counterbalance device is provided for the spindle support 6, and partsvertically movable therewith. In the machine as here shown this deviceis hydraulic, and includes a piston device generally denoted by thenumeral 236, Figs. 2 and 10. The piston device comprisesa piston 231which is fixed in base I and a cylinder 238 fixed for movement with thespindle support sleeve 24. Fluid is supplied to the device from the pump10! through the previously described supply channels 2, I50, Fig. 10,channelpiping 22!, and a drilled hole 340 in the piston 2". Pump m, andtherefore counterbalance 3", is in operation at all times while themachine is in operation, as explained above.

Each of the previously described manual adiustments oi the machine isprovided with means indicating the amount of adjustment effected,including, in each instance, dial and indicator parts graduated in unitsappropriate to the particular for which the machine is particularlyadapted.

The work piece, generally denoted by the numeral 3", Figs. 2, i5, isremovably mounted in a suitable worl: holding portion oi the member 229.The work piece includes 'a shank portion. 222, Fig. 1'7. which has anupper face "20 formed at an angle "3, Fig. 15, a blade portion 245having a face 246, Fig: 16, which coincides at diflerent portions withdifferent radii 341,- III, and an intermediate angularly disposedportion "8, Fig. 17, which must blend or join smoothly at the top, Fig.17, with the curved face 246-, and at the bottom with the angular face2a.

The operation now to be described is for a tinishing operation on thesurfaces 20 and "O, the surface 3 having been nnisliedina'previousoperation to the point where it will meet the finished "surfaced". Forthis operation spindle 2 is set at an angle as indicated by the dottedoutline, Fig. 2, and a suitably angular cutter 350 with the spindleaxis. The axes of rotation of supports Ill, 12 are relatively offset, bymember 24, Fig. 7 an amount equal to the diflerence between the tworadii 241, 8 Fig. 16. The cam or pattern member 2" Figs. 2, 12 is.alsoadjusted, by the means of member 252, to an annular posi- Ill tion suchthat the follower 230, during. rotation of the cam with supports I or02, will move spindle support 6 and spindle 2 vertically to effect themachining of the surface 3024 to a contour corresponding with thecontour of the cam or template 250, which in this instance is disposedat the angle 343, Fig. 15.

The cam or pattern 239, Fig. 2, for this operation, is of the same formor contour as the face 346, Fig. 16, of the work piece, and the positionof the work piece in its holder Fig. 2 is in exact. vertical alignmentwith the pattern face. "The follower roll 2|0, Fig. 2, is now adjustedvertically, by screw 245, to proper position to operate on cam 239, andadjusted horizontally, by screw 243, Fig. l, for the center of the rollto coincide with the vertical plane of the spindle aids. It may be notedthat, in such instances where the blade portion 345 is sumciently longthe previously finished face 346 may itself act as a cam for thefollower roll 200. The spindle 2 is now adjusted vertically, by themeans of the member l8, Fig. 2, for the cutter 350 to properly positionthe finished top face 342a Fig. 17, of the work piece. The spindle speedand direction, and the feed rate, are also suitably adjusted by themeans previously described for the purpose, and a suitable control camI96, Fig. 5, is placed on the stud I31, with the gears 200, engaging tosuitably position cam groove 23! for the required travel of supports I0,l2.

During, the setting up process just described the various motors 33. 55,)0 Fig. 13 will be operated as required, within the restrictions imposedby the control and interlock devices previously described, and, duringmost of the machine adjustments the support 9 will be positioned to theleft in Fig. 2, by operation of the control lever I16, Fig. 1,controlling piston device I02. At some suitable point in the setting upprocess the support 9 will be moved to the right in Fig. 2 until cam 239contacts the follower roll 240, and the piston device I52, Fig. 2, willbe adjusted, by screw 30, relative to support 3, to occupy a positionsuch that when piston I55 is at the end of its right hand stroke itstill exerts pressure forcing the cam 233 against the follower roll 240,whereby the support 0 and parts carried thereby will be forced to movein accordance with the form of cam 239 as the supports M or [2 arerotated.

With the machine set up as described the earn 239 would generate acurv'e corresponding to work face 348 Fig. 16, during rotation of eithersupport l0 or l2, but for various reasons it. is preferable to rotateonly the support I! while cutting the radius 3", Fig. 16 and to rotatesupport l0 while cutting the radius 330. This result is effected by thecontrol of the plunger 20], Figs. 1, 10. The plunger may shift right orleft in Fig. 1, as previously explained, whereby to enter the slots 209,2|0, 2. At the start of the described operation both the supports I0, I2 are at the extreme of their clockwise rotation-in Fig. l and theplunger 201 is engaged in slot'2l0. Therefore when the cutting directionof movement is started by manual operation of lever I" it isanti-clockwise in Fig. 1, and my the support Hi can rotate, the supportbeing locked by the plunger 201. This condition continues until theportion of surface 306, Fig. 18, which is formed to the radius 303, iscompleted. at which time the end of plunger 2lllabuts against theextended side 3", Fig. 1 of slot 2", but prior to this point, the camgroove 23! of ,contro] member III, Fig. 5 has operated valve 2!! toreverse the fluid pressure in plunger cylinder device 2" and during thelatter part of the rotation of support It the plunger has been pressedagainst the circular surface 2 of the member 242. As soon, strikesabutment III it also moves into slot 213 and out of slot 210, permittingsupport l2 then to therefore as the plunger 0 start rotation forfinishing the portion of work surface 3, Fig. 16, which is formed at theradius 302 of the slot 2). The cam groove 2", Fig. 5,

at some point in the reverse movement of support l2, operates valve 2|!to cause plunger 201 to be urged to the right in Fig. 1, and when theplunger strikes abutment wall 352 it also reenters slot 2H! and iswithdrawn from slot 2| 3, following which support Ill starts its reverserotation. This continues until the dog portion 202, Fig. 5, of memberI33, again trips the reverser 85 to motion interrupting positon,stopping the move ment of supports l0, l2 at the point.

During the described movements in either direction the non-cuttingportions may be traversed at the relatively fast quick traverse rate bysuitably manipulaltng lever l'll. Ordinarily all the reverse movement,and some portions of the forward movement will be at quick traverserate.

Also ordinarily, at the completion of forward movement, and beforereverse movement starts piston device I32 is operated by the lever I16to shift the supp rt I to-the left in Fig. 1, to a position in which thework piece and cutter are separated duringretum movement to the startingposition, the support being again shifted, after a new work piece isloaded, to its right-hand or cutting position, to render cam 239operative before the start of the next cutting cycle.

What is claimed is:

1. In a machine tool the combination with a tool support and a. worksupport, of a pattern member, a follower member contacting said patternmember, and transmission and control mechanism including a first trainfor-effecting relative movement of said follower member and said patternmember, a second train for effecting relative movement of said supportsand controlled for direction and extent of support movement inaccordance with the aforesaid relative movement of said pattern andfollower members. an-

original starting said supports, and independent control means for saidother train operative to effect a direction and extent of supportmovement substantially corresponding to the direction and extent ofmovement that may be effected by said second train.

2. In a machine tool the combination with a tool support and awork.support,of a pattern member, a follower member contacting saidpattern member, and transmission and control mechanism including a firsttrain for effecting relative movement of said tool support and saidother train for effecting relative movement of work support and movementof said follower and means operative to eiiect predeterminedImpmemberacross said pattern member, a second train for effecting relativemovement of said supports in direction transverse to the direction ofthe movement eflected by said first train including a reversiblyoperable rotatable fluid motor,

and valve means controlling the direction and extent of rotation of saidmotor, and thereby the direction and extent of said transverse supportmovement, in accordance with said relative movement of said pattern andfollower members.

3. In a milling machine the combination of a rotatable tool spindle, awork support movable relative to said spindle in a path transverseto theaxis thereof, a pattern member, a follower member contacting saidpattern member, and transmission and control mechanism including a trainfor spindle rotation, a second train for relative movement of saidpattern and follower members, a third train for said relative spindleand support movement including a pump and a reversible fluid operablerotary motor and a screw and nut mechanism driven thereby, and valvemeans controlling the direction and extent of rotation of said fluidmotor in accordance with said relative movement of said pattern andfollower members. I

t. In a. milling machine the combination of a base, a tool spindlerotatably supported thereon. a first work support rotatably carried bysaid base, a second work su said first support for rotation 'on an axissubstantially parallel to the axis of the first support, transmissionmechanism connectible for rotation of each of said supports to effect aplurality of arcs of cutting movement relative to said tool spindle andrespectively determined by rotation of diflerent of said supports, andcontrol means for said transmission for effecting the rotation of saidsupports one after another said means including a device preventingsimultaneons rotation thereof.

5. In a milling machine the, combination of a base, a tool spindlerotatably-supported thereon, a first work support rotatably carried bysaid base, a'second work support rotatably carried by said first supportfor rotation on an axis substantially parallel to the axis of said firstsup port, transmission mechanism including a differential device havingtwo driving elements simultaneously connected for rotation of said twosupports respectively, and control mech for eflecting predeterminedrelative time and extent of rotation of both said supports including amember driven from said transmission exclusive of said diflerentialdevice.

8. In a milling machine the combination of a rotatable tool spindle,amovable'work support, another movable support, a transmission includinga differential device simultaneously connectt ed with both of saidsupports, and control mechanism determinative oi the relativetime andextent of movement of each support. including a control member drivenirom said transmission to exclude said diflerential device.

I. In a machine tool the combination of a rotatable spindle and asupport relatively movable in a plurality of mutually transverse paths,a plurality of power trains respectively for said relative movement in"diflerent or said paths, control'means for 'one of we .mms including afirstpattern member-and a follower member movable relative thereto,control means for the other of said trains including a second patternmember and a follower-movable relative-ther rt rotatably carried by portpositions in the one pathrelative to the support positions at variouspoints in the other path.

8. In a machine tool the combination of a rotatable spindle and arelatively movable support, a first power operable transmission-forrotation of said spindle, a second power operable connection of saidsecond transmission irrespectlve of the interrupting effect of saidfirst controller, and means preventing 'power connecting eifect ofeither said first, second or third con-,- trollers except during poweractuation of said thirdtransmission.

9. In a machine tool the combination of a rotatable spindle and arelatively movable sup; port, a first power operable transmissionmechanisrn for rotation of said spindle, a second transmission mechanismfor power operation of said relative movement at alternative feed orquick traverse rates, a control device shiftable for altering the effectof said second transmission, a third transmission for shifting saidcontrol device, a controller shiftable for selection of said alternativefeed or quick traverse rates, means normally operable in the feed rateposition .of said controller to prevent power actuation of said secondtransmission unless said first transmission is power actuated, meansnormally operable in the quick traverse rate position of said controllerto permit power actuation of said second transmission irrespective ofthe power connection of said first transmission, and means operative tointerrupt said second transmission when power is interrupted to saidthird transmission irrespective of the position of said control means.

10. In a machine tool, the combination of a spindle support and anothersupport, a power operable transmission for relative vertical movement ofsaid supports, a pattern member, a m1- lower member contacting saidpattern member and movable relative thereto, means controlling saidtransmission in accordance with the relative movement of said members, acounter-- balance device for the vertically movable support, and meansoperative to interrupt the power connection of, said transmission exceptduring operation of said device.

transmission foreflecting relative vertical movement of said movablesupport, a' counterbalance device for the vertically movable supportincluding a power operable pump and fluid operable piston means, and"means operative upon interruption of said pump to simultaneouslyinterrupt power operation of said transmission.

12. In a machine tool the combination with a rotatable tool spindle anda support, said spindle and support being relatively movable in avertical path and in a transverse path, of a power operable transmisslonfor said transverse movement,

a counterbalance device normally continuously operative to urge saidvertical movement upwardly and including a power operable pump and fluidoperable piston means, and control means operative upon interruption ofpower operationoi said pump to simultaneously interrupt power operationof said transmission. l '13. In a machine tool the combination with atool support and a work support relatively movable in a plurality ofmutually transverse paths, of a transmission forsaid relative movementin one of said paths, a transmission for said relative movement inanother of said paths including a power operable pump and a fluidoperable motor, fluid operable control means for the first mentionedtransmission and connectible for operation by fluid from said pump. andmeans disposed to permit flow of fluid for operation of said controlmeans and operative to prevent flow of fluid from said pump foroperation of said motor except during supply of fluid at or above apredetermined minimum pressure for operation of said control means.

14. In a machine tool the combination with a tool support and arelatively movable work sup port, of a transmission for relativemovement of said supports including a pump and a fluid operable motorconnectible therewith, fluid operable control means for saidtransmission, and means responsive to a predetermined minimum pressureand operative to prevent supply of fluid from said pump for operation ofsaid motor except during supply of fluid at or above said predeterminedminimum pressure for operation of said control means.

15. In a machine tool the combination of a tool support and a worksupport movable relative thereto in a plurality of mutually transversepaths, a plurality of pattern members, a plurality of follower membersrespectively contacting the different pattern members and movablerelative thereto, means controlling relative movement in said diflerentpaths respectively in ac- .cordance with the relative movement of thedifbetween one of said pattern members and its follower member for oneof said paths, and means preventing relative movement of said supportsin the other of said paths except during supply of hydraulic fluid tosaid hydraulic means at predetermined minimum pressure.

16. In a machine tool the combination with a tool support and a worksupport movable relative thereto in a plurality of mutually transversepaths, of a plurality of pattern members, a plurality of followermembers respectively contacting the different pattern members andmovable relative thereto, means controlling relative movement of saidsupports in said different paths respectively in accordance with therelative movement of the different pattern and follower members,pressure means for establishing pres sure between the contacting patternand follower members along one of said paths, and control meansoperative to prevent relative movement of said supports in another ofsaid paths except during operation of said pressure means at, or above apredetermined minimum pressure.

1'1. In a machine tool the combination with a tool support and a worksupport relatively movablein a first path and in a transverse secondpath; of a pattern member, a follower member contacting said patternmember and movable relative thereto in a pluralityof paths, atransmission for relative movement of said supports in said first pathand for simultaneous relative movement of said pattern and followermembers in one of their paths to thereby cause relative movement of saidpattern and follower in another path in accordance with theconfiguration of said pattern member, a transmission for relativemovement of said supports in said transverse path including a pump and ahydraulic motor. means operable to control the last mentionedtransmission for relative support movement in said transverse path inaccordance with the relative movement of said pattern and followermembers in their said other path, and another transmission for relativemovement of said supports in said transverse path and independentlycontrolled to eifect support movement substantially corresponding tomovement controlled from said pattern and follower members.

18. In a machine tool the combination with a tool support and a worksupport relatively movable in first, second and third paths, of apattern member, a relatively movable follower member contacting saidpattern member, transmission and control means for simultaneous movementof said supports in said first and second paths and for simultaneousrelative movement of said pattern and follower members in correspondingfirst and second paths, another transmission mechanism for relativemovement of said supports in said third path, and control mechanism forsaid other transmission to effect support movement in said third pathcorresponding to the relative movement of said pattern and follower insaid corresponding first and second paths.

19, In a machine tool the combination of a tool support and a worksupport relatively movable in a first, second and third path, a patternmember, a relatively movable follower member contacting said patternmember, transmission and control means for simultaneous movement of saidsupports in said first and second paths and for simultaneous relativemovement of said pattern and follower member in corresponding first andsecond paths, another transmission for relative movement of saidsupports in said third path andincluding a power operable pump and amotor connectible for operation therefrom, valve means controlling theconnection of said pump and shiftable to determine the direction andextent of actuation of said motor, and means operative from the relativemovement of said pattern and follower members in said correspondingfirst and second paths for shifting said valve means.

20. In a machine tool the combination with a tool support and a worksupport relatively movable in first, second and third paths, of apattern member, a relatively movable follower member contacting saidpattern member, transmission and control means for simultaneous movementof said supports in said first and second paths and for simultaneousrelative movement of said pattern and follower members in correspondingfirst and second paths, another transmission mechanism for relativemovements of said supports in said third path including a power operablepump and a hydraulic motor connectible for operation therefrom, andmeans controlling the actuation of said hydraulic motor to eifectsupport movement in said third path corresponding to the relativemovement of said pattern and follower in said corresponding first andsecond P ths 2'1. In a milling machine the combination or a rotatablespindle. a spindle support, a plurality of work :mpporte one of which issupported by the other and both of which are rotatable respectively onmutually parallel oflset axes, means for relative adjustment oi saidwork supports to adjust the distance between said axes, means forrelative adjustment of said work supports and saidspindle support in adirection transverse to said axes, and means for rotation of said worksupports one'after another in the same direction whereby to iinish awork piece having joined segmental surfaces, the radius or the onesurface segmentbeing determined by the center distance between a worksupport axis and the spindle support and the radius of the othersegmental surface being determined by'the relative adjustment of saidwork supports.

22. In a milling machine the combination of a rotatable spindle, aspindle support, a plurality of work supports one or which is supportedby the other a'ndboth oi. which are rotatable respectively on mutuallyparallel ofl'set axes, means for relative adjustment or said spindlesupport and said work supports in a direction transverse to said axes,means for'relative adjustment of said work S pports-to vary the amountof oilset of said axes, power means for rotation of said work supportsone after another in the same direction whereby to finish a work piecesurtace having joined curves, the radius oi the one curve beingdetermined by said spindle support adjustment,

and the radius of the other curve being deter- I mined by the amount ofsaid offset, and power means for reverse rotation of said supports totheir starting position at relatively rapid rate.

23. In a machine tool, the combination with" a movable work support, ofa tool support operatively associated with said work support. a guidingtemplate carried by one of said supports, a drive mechanism disposed tomove one or said supports relative to the other support, said drivemechanism being selI-locldng to prevent reverse transmission movementfrom the drlven'support. and a servo-motor disposed to actuate saidirreversible drive mechanism in accordance with said guiding templatawhereby a work piece carrled by said work support may be machined byatool carried by said tool support to a contour determined by the shapeof said guiding template.

24. In a'machine tool, the combination with a movable work support and aguiding template carried thereby, of a tool support operativelyassociated with said work support, an irreversible drive mechanismdisposed to move said tool support relative to said work support, aservo-motor operatively associated with said guiding template,

and a rate changer operatively connecting said servo-motor to saidirreversible drive mechanism to actuate said tool support in accordancewith said guiding template at a selective rate cl response thereto,whereby a work piece carried by said work support may be machined by atool carried by said tool support .to a contour determined by the shapeof said guiding template.

25. In a machine'tool, the combination with a rotatable spindle andsupport mounted for relatl've movement in a plurality of mutuallytransverse paths, of a plurality of power transmitting trains connectedrespectively in a manner to eii'ect said relative movement in diflerentof said paths, ,control means for each 0! said trains each including apattern member and-a cooperating iollower member, and interlocking meansassociated with said control means in a manner to e!- feet predeterminedrelative positioning 0! said spindle and ,said support throughout therange of said relative movement thereof. I

26. In a milling machine, the combination with a rotatable tool spindle,ot a movable work support including 'two support members relativelymovable in the same plane, a transmission for actuating said worksupport including driving meansiand a torque dividing diflerentialmechanism having driving parts connected respectively to drive differentoi said support members, and control mechanism operative to determinethe relative, time and extent of movement of each of said supportmembers by said diiierential mechanism. V

27, In a milling machine, the combination with a rotatable tool spindleand a movable work support including two independently movable ele-ements. or a transmission for actuating said work support including adiii'erential mechanism having driving parts connected to said elementsrespectively in manner to drive each element independently,.and controlmeans disposed 'to selectively hold one or the other of said elementsfrom being driven, whereupon the tree element only may be driven by saiddifferential mechanism.

28.. A work support for a machine tool comprising a rotatably mountedtable, a second table rotatably mounted on said first table in positionto be revolved about the axis thereof, means for relative adjustment ofthe axes of said tables, se-

curing means on said second table for holding a work piece, drivingmeans selectively operative to .rotate either one or the other oi saidtables for moving a work piece supported thereon along either one of twoarcuate ,paths', and control means including a device operative toprevent simultaneous rotation 01' said tables.

29. A work support for a machine tool comprising a first rotatablymounted table, a second table rotatably mounted on saidiirst table forindependent rotation in cooperation therewith, securing means on saidsecond table ior holding a work piece, driving ineansoperative to rotatesaid tables for moving a work piece supported thereon along either oneof two arcuate paths respectively determined by rotation oi thedifferent tables, a pattern carried by said second table, a followerstationarily mounted in position to engage said pattern, andfluid-pressure means disposed to urge both 0! said tables in direction,to press said pattern against said Iollower, whereanism for actuatingsaid work support, including a driving element and force-dividing meansdisposed to divide the force exerted by said driving element and toapply said divided force-in manner tending to eiIect movement oi. saidwork support along both or said paths, and control mechan'sm arranged topermit movement of said work upport along the one or the other 'of saidpaths but to prevent movement along both paths simultaneously andoperative to determine the extent or movement thereof along each of saidpaths alternatively under the influence oi the iorces exerted by saidforce-dividing means.

31. In a machine tool, the combination with relatively movable toolsupporting and work supporting elements, of a transmission mechanism 32.In a millingmachine for cutting contiguous arcs of different curvatures,the combination with a frame and a tool supporting spindle rotatablycarried by said frame, of a work moving structure carried by said frameand including a work holder disposed to hold a workpiece for engagementby a tool in said tool spindle, a pivotally mounted work supportdisposed to adjustably support said work holder for pivotally moving theworkpiece along an arc of predetermined curvature, a pivotally mountedwork table disposed to adjustably carry said work support for pivotallymoving the workpiece along another are of predetermined curvature, meansfor adjusting the position of the pivot axis of said table relative tosaid frame to position the workpiece in cutting relationship with thetool in said tool spindle, and driving and control means for turningsaid work support and said work table successively to machine on saidworkpiece a continuous curved surface presenting connected portionshaving different degrees of curvature.

33. In a machine tool, the combination with a frame and a supportingmember movably mounted on said frame, of a screw and nut mechanismdisposed to move said member relative to'said frame including a nutrotatably mounted in said frame in manner to resist longitudinalmovement therein and cooperating with a screw secured against rotationon said supporting member, power means for rotating said nut to movesaid member, and manually operable means connected to move saidsupporting member longitudinally relative to said screw for adjustingthe position of said member without altering the position oi said screwrelative to said nut.

34. In a machine tool, the combination with a work support and a toolsupport mounted for relative movement, of a screw and nut mechanismdisposed to eflect said relative movement, a template and hydraulicfollow valve mechanism for controlling said relative movement, and arotary hydraulic motor disposed to actuate said screw and nut mechanismin accordance with the controlling action of said template and followvalve mechanism, whereby a workpiece on said work support may bemachined by a tool in said tool support to a predetermined contourdetermined by said template.

35. In a machine tool the combinationof a tool support and a worksupport, transmission and control mechanism for relative movement ofsaid tool support and said work support to effect a cam controlledcutting movement in a first plane, other transmission mechanism forrelative movement or said supports in a second plane transverse to saidfirst plane, and control mechanism for determining the direction andextent of said movement in said second plane including a pattern andfollower member relatively movable in accordance with said camcontrolled movement in said first plane.

36. In a machine tool the combination of a tool support and a worksupport, transmission mechanism for relative movement of said supportsin a first plane, control mechanism for said transmission including apattern and follower member co-operatlve to effect an irregular cuttingmovement in said first plane, a second transmission for relativemovement of said supports in a second plane transverse to said firstplane, and control mechanism for said second transmission includinganother pattern member and another follower member relatively movablefrom the first mentioned transmission.

37. In a machine tool the combination with a tool support and a worksupport, or a pattern member, a follower member contacting said patternmember, and transmission and control mechanism including a first trainfor eiiecting relative movement of said tool support and said worksupport and movement of said follower member across said pattern member,a second train for effecting relative movement 01' said supports indirection transverse to the direction of the movement eifected by saidfirst train including a reversibly operable rotatable fluid motor, andvalve means controlling the direction and extent of rotation of saidmotor, and thereby the direction and extent of said transverse supportmovement, in accordance with said relative movement of said pattern andfollower members, said valve means having a central position trappingthe motor fluid to prevent rotation 01' said motor in either direction.

38. In a machine tool the combination of a plurality of relativelymovable supports, a transment with said valve means, a unidirectionalpressure fluid source, and damping means for said piston including aplurality of passageways respectively, connected for supply of fluid todifferent ends or said piston and each simultaneous- 1y connected toreceive fluid from said pressure source, a restricted channel connectedbetween the opposite ends of said piston and means preventing mgvementoi fluid from one end of said piston to t e other except through saidrestricted channel.

39. In a machine tool the combination 01' a work support, a tool supportmovable relative to said work support, a train connected with one ofsaid supports for said relative movement including engaged screw and nutelements co-operative power in theother direction, pattern control meansincluding a plurality oi relatively movable elements, a fluid pressuresource, a fluid operable, motor connectible between said source and saidtrain, and valve means controlling the direction and extent of actuationof said fluid operable motor in accordance with the relative movement ofthe elements of said pattern control means.

40. In a milling machine for cutting contiguous arcs oi diflerentcurvatures, the combination with a frame and a tool supporting spindlerotatabiy carried by said frame, of a work moving structure carried by.said frame and including a work holder disposed to hold a workpiece forengagement by a tool in said tool spindle, a pivotally mounted worksupport disposed to adiustably carry said work holder for pivotallymoving the workpiece along a first arc of predetermined curvature, a

pivotally mounted work table disposed to adjustably carry said pivotedwork support for pivotally moving the workpiece along a second arc ofpredetermined curvature, a pattern carried by said work holder andpresenting arcuate surfaces. a follower mounted to engage said pattern,means for adjusting the positions of the pivot axes of said support andsaid table to make said first and second arcs correspond in curvature tothe arcuate surfaces of said pattern, means for urging said tablerelative to said frame in manner to engage said pattern with saidfollower and to position the workpiece in cutting relationship with thetool in said tool spindle, and driving and control means for turningsaid work support and said work table successively at the same feedingrate and in predetermined relationship with said pattern to machine onsaid workpiece connected uniformly surfaced arcuate portions ofcurvatures corresponding with the curvatures of said first and secondarcs said arcuate portions being blended into a continuous uniformcurved surface of contour predetermined by said pattern.

41. A work support for a machine tool comprising a rotatably mountedtable, a second table rotatably mounted on said first table in positionto turn about an independent axis, means to Patent No. 2,157,1fll.

adjust the positions of said axes, securing means on said second tablefor holding a workpiece, driving means selectively operative to rotateeither the one or the other of said tables for moving the workpiecesupported thereon along either of two arcuate paths determined by thepositions of said axes, and means to control said driving means toeffect sequential rotation of said tables in predetermined manner tomachine on said workpiece contiguous surfaces of diiferent curvatures.

42. In a machine tool, the combination with a frame and'za supportingelement movably mounted on said frame, of power driven means operativelyconnected to move said supporting element relative to said frame, saidmeans comprising a screw and nut driving mechanism, a worm wheeloperatively connected to actuate said screw and nut driving mechanism, aworm disposed to tumsaid worm wheel, a rotary hydraulic motoroperatively connected to rotate said worm and said driving mechanism ineither direction selectively, and means responsive to movement of saidsupporting element relative to said frame and operative to control saidrotary hydraulic motor.

JOSEPH B. ARMITAGE.

JOSEPH B. ARMITAGE.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specificationof the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 2,first column, line 51, strike out the word "vertical." 52, for"'while"read that; page 8, second column, line 32, for "positon" read position;line 38, for "manipulaitng" read manipulating; page 9, sec-'- ondcolumn, line 69, claim 11, after the word "of" insert power operationpage'T, second column, line ofrpage 11, first column, line t6, claim 23,strike out the w "irreverlible"; and that the said Letters Patent shouldbe read with this correction therein that the samemay conform to therecord of the case in the Patent Offic e Signed and'sealed this 20th at,of June, A. p. 19 9."

(Seal) 'Henry Van Arsdale Acting Commissioner of Patents.

